Leichter J, Lee M
Growth. 1979 Dec;43(4):288-93.
To study the effects of maternal alcohol consumption on the postnatal growth and physical development of the offspring, female Sprague-Dawley rats (200-220 g) were assigned to one of 3 groups. Group I (alcohol) received alcohol in drinking water (up to 20% v/v) for at least 4 weeks prior to mating, and 30% (v/v) throughout gestation. Purina Lab Chow was ad libitum. Group II (pair-fed) received the same amount of chow as was consumed by alcohol-fed animals, and an amount of corn starch calorically equivalent to the amount of alcohol consumed. Group III (ad libitum) were given chow and water ad libitum. Postnatally all animals were given chow and water ad libitum until day 51 post conception (PC). During pregnancy alcohol provided about 28% of the calories in group I, and the total calorie intakes of the alcohol and pair-fed groups were approximately 60% of that of the ad libitum controls. Weights at birth of offspring of pair-fed and ad libitum control mothers are not significantly different, but the offspring of animals given alcohol show a weight deficit of 28%, compared to the ad libitum controls. During the ensuing four weeks weight shows no indication of catching up to the controls. Total length shows the same pattern as body weight. Skeletal and muscle measurements are significantly less (p less than 0.01) in young of alcohol treated mothers than in those of the ad libitum control mothers. Skeletal maturity in the alcohol group lags behind (p less than 0.01) that of the pair-fed and ad libitum control groups and catch-up is not evident to day 51 PC. It is concluded that young born to animals given alcohol prior to and throughout gestation are physically and developmentally retarded and fail to catch up to the controls during the first four weeks after birth, although not exposed to alcohol postnatally.
为研究孕期母体饮酒对后代出生后生长及身体发育的影响，将雌性斯普拉格-道利大鼠（体重200 - 220克）分为3组。第一组（酒精组）在交配前至少4周饮用含酒精的水（浓度高达20%体积/体积），整个孕期饮用30%（体积/体积）的酒精。普瑞纳实验室饲料可随意采食。第二组（配对喂养组）给予与酒精喂养动物所消耗饲料量相同的饲料，以及热量相当于所消耗酒精量的玉米淀粉。第三组（随意采食组）随意给予饲料和水。出生后，所有动物随意给予饲料和水，直至受孕后第51天（PC）。孕期酒精组中酒精提供了约28%的热量，酒精组和配对喂养组的总热量摄入量约为随意采食对照组的60%。配对喂养组和随意采食对照组母亲所产后代的出生体重无显著差异，但与随意采食对照组相比，酒精喂养动物的后代体重低28%。在随后的四周内，体重没有赶上对照组的迹象。总长度呈现与体重相同的模式。酒精处理组母亲所产后代的骨骼和肌肉测量值显著低于（p < 0.01）随意采食对照组母亲所产后代。酒精组的骨骼成熟度落后于（p < 0.01）配对喂养组和随意采食对照组，到受孕后第51天仍未明显赶上。研究得出结论，在孕期及孕前接触酒精的动物所产后代在身体和发育方面存在迟缓，尽管出生后未接触酒精，但在出生后的前四周内未能赶上对照组。
