Schwarz E, Kielholz P, Hobi V, Goldberg L, Gilsdorf U, Hofstetter M, Ladewig D, Miest P C, Reggiani G, Richter R
Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol. 1981 Mar;19(3):102-11.
The effects of 0.8 g alcohol kg-1 on CNS processes as reflected in EEG changes were studied in controlled experiments in 14 subjects in relation to BAC levels. A Two Period Change-Over Design with repeated trials over time allowed us to ascertain the time course and to isolate alcohol-induced changes from diurnal variations and effects of sequence and period. Based on spectral analysis of analog EEG recordings, the study has shown differential patterns of bi-phasic or tri-phasic alcohol-induced EEG changes over time in a number of parameters in background and in stimulus-elicited EEG responses varying with the BAC level and the metabolic phase of alcohol biotransformation. An increase in alpha activity during the absorption phase, a shift in the median of the total spectral power to the right (upwards), a decrease in slow activity in the delta and theta bands, and a decrease in variability of the background EEG on one hand and a reduction in stimulus-elicited EEg responses in total spectral alpha, theta and delta bands on the other are all interpreted as a stimulating excitatory effect during the absorption phase, parallel to the increase in BAC. The reverse pattern in the first part of the elimination phase infers a decrease in cerebral activation reflecting the sedative, depressant action of alcohol in this phase. The effects observed in the last trial, to a certain extent interpreted as stimulating, were simultaneous with the beginning of the post-alcohol hangover phase.
在14名受试者的对照实验中，研究了每千克体重摄入0.8克酒精对中枢神经系统过程（通过脑电图变化反映）的影响，并与血液酒精浓度（BAC）水平相关联。采用两阶段交叉设计并随时间进行重复试验，使我们能够确定时间进程，并将酒精引起的变化与昼夜变化、序列和阶段的影响区分开来。基于模拟脑电图记录的频谱分析，该研究表明，在背景和刺激诱发的脑电图反应的多个参数中，随着BAC水平和酒精生物转化代谢阶段的变化，酒精引起的脑电图变化随时间呈现双相或三相的不同模式。吸收阶段α活动增加，总频谱功率中位数向右（向上）移动，δ和θ波段慢活动减少，背景脑电图变异性降低，另一方面，刺激诱发的脑电图反应在总频谱α、θ和δ波段减少，所有这些都被解释为吸收阶段的刺激兴奋作用，与BAC增加平行。消除阶段第一部分的相反模式表明大脑激活减少，反映了该阶段酒精的镇静、抑制作用。在最后一次试验中观察到的在一定程度上被解释为刺激作用的效果，与酒精后宿醉阶段的开始同时出现。
