Pahor A L
J Laryngol Otol. 1981 Apr;95(4):399-406. doi: 10.1017/s0022215100090873.
The ENT problems following the Birmingham bombings of 1974 are presented. It is during the positive phase of bomb blast that the tympanic membrane ruptures. Spalling is a likely explanation for the mechanism of rupture of the tympanic membrane specially in large perforations. Tympanic membrane defects involving 80 per cent of the surface area of the drumhead or more persisted, whereas those involving less than 80 per cent healed with conservative treatment. The majority of perforations (81.4 per cent) healed spontaneously, with a three-layered membrane. A month should be allowed for the healing of every 10 per cent loss of the surface area of the drumhead. During surgical repair of persistent perforations, the malleus handle was found to be on a deeper plain than the long process of the incus. Tympanic membrane perforations did not protect the inner ear, the sensorineural deafness producing either a high tone or a flat loss. One in four of the victims seen in the hospital complained of deafness. A patient who suffered blast injuries to the lung also developed cord palsy.
本文介绍了1974年伯明翰爆炸事件后的耳鼻喉问题。鼓膜破裂发生在炸弹爆炸的正相阶段。剥落是鼓膜破裂机制的一种可能解释，特别是在大穿孔时。鼓膜缺损累及鼓膜表面积80%或更多的情况持续存在，而累及少于80%的缺损经保守治疗可愈合。大多数穿孔（81.4%）可自发愈合，形成三层膜。鼓膜表面积每损失10%，应留出一个月的愈合时间。在对持续性穿孔进行手术修复时，发现锤骨柄比砧骨长突位于更深的平面。鼓膜穿孔并不能保护内耳，感音神经性耳聋可导致高音调或平坦型听力损失。在医院就诊的受害者中有四分之一抱怨耳聋。一名肺部遭受爆炸伤的患者还出现了声带麻痹。
