Hakoda Y
Shinrigaku Kenkyu. 1980 Oct;51(4):188-94.
An original stimulus (OS) containing three letters in a three by three matrix was briefly presented and followed, after various interstimulus intervals (ISIs), by an interpolated stimulus (IS) containing mask patterns. The exposure of IS impaired severely both position and identity recalls when ISIs were shorter than 20 ms. At longer ISIs, mere exposure of IS did not impair recall of OS, but, if the subjects were asked to make the recall, recognition, or reversal recall of IS before the recall of OS, these tasks caused the selective loss of position information of OS. The results suggested that visual backward masking originates in iconic storage, and visual retroactive interference originates in retrieval process from the visual short-term store.
一个由三乘三矩阵中的三个字母组成的原始刺激（OS）被短暂呈现，在不同的刺激间隔（ISI）之后，接着呈现一个包含掩蔽图案的插入刺激（IS）。当ISI短于20毫秒时，IS的呈现严重损害了位置和特征回忆。在较长的ISI时，仅仅呈现IS并不会损害OS的回忆，但是，如果要求受试者在回忆OS之前对IS进行回忆、再认或反向回忆，这些任务会导致OS位置信息的选择性丧失。结果表明，视觉后向掩蔽起源于图像存储，而视觉回溯干扰起源于从视觉短期存储的检索过程。
