Kolling G
Klin Monbl Augenheilkd. 1981 Feb;178(2):89-94. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1055305.
A comparison of four methods of cyclodeviation measurement was made (Cüppers Deviometer, Scale Maddox cylinder glass, Aulhorn Phase difference haploscope, Cüppers Synoptometer) with 25 complaint-free controls without cyclovertical deviations; the advantages and disadvantages of the instruments are described. Physiological peculiarities in the measurement of the subjective horizontals are demonstrated by the clinical example of a patient with decompensated paresis of the m. obliquus superior. The extent of cycloduction depends on the direction of rotation, from which the measurement is made, on the test object, and on the influence of normal environmental experiences ("Erfahrungsmotive" according to Bielschowsky). It is shown that a unilateral paresis of the m. obliquus superior can be compensated motorically by cycloversion. With "Erfahrungsmotiven" excycloduction can be found neither subjectively (subjective horizontal) nor motorically (regular position of the blind spot).
对四种测量旋转斜视的方法（屈佩尔斜视计、刻度马多克斯柱镜、奥尔霍恩相差双眼单视镜、屈佩尔双眼视轴计）进行了比较，研究对象为25名无旋转垂直斜视且无不适主诉的对照者；描述了这些仪器的优缺点。通过一名上斜肌麻痹失代偿患者的临床实例，展示了主观水平测量中的生理特性。旋转程度取决于测量所依据的旋转方向、测试对象以及正常环境体验的影响（根据比尔绍夫斯基的“经验动机”）。结果表明，上斜肌的单侧麻痹可通过旋转得以运动性代偿。在存在“经验动机”的情况下，无论是主观上（主观水平）还是运动上（盲点的正常位置）都无法发现外旋转。
