May J W, May J G
Percept Mot Skills. 1981 Feb;52(1):255-61. doi: 10.2466/pms.1981.52.1.255.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether age influenced preference for the colors black and white by infants and young children. The investigator administered a color-preference test to 160 subjects who attended day-care centers and who ranged in age from 6 mo. to 4.5 yr. There were equal numbers of males and females and equal numbers of Afro- and Euro-American subjects. Ages of the subjects were controlled so there were 20 subjects in each 6-mo. age interval. Data were obtained from a 12-term test in which pairs of toys were presented to each subject. The toys were identical except that one was black and the other was white. The toy the subject selected was considered the subject's preference and the color of that toy was recorded. Results of a chi-squared test and of an analysis of variance indicated that, as a group, age affected color preference. A pro-black bias was found for the younger children. The findings suggest that color preference of infants and young children is not the same as for older children and adults.
本研究的目的是确定年龄是否会影响婴幼儿对黑色和白色的偏好。研究者对160名参加日托中心、年龄在6个月至4.5岁之间的受试者进行了颜色偏好测试。男女受试者数量相等，非裔和欧美裔受试者数量也相等。对受试者的年龄进行了控制，每个6个月的年龄区间有20名受试者。数据来自一项包含12个项目的测试，测试中向每个受试者展示成对的玩具。这些玩具除了一个是黑色而另一个是白色外完全相同。受试者选择的玩具被视为其偏好，该玩具的颜色被记录下来。卡方检验和方差分析的结果表明，总体而言，年龄会影响颜色偏好。年龄较小的儿童表现出对黑色的偏好倾向。研究结果表明，婴幼儿的颜色偏好与年龄较大的儿童和成年人不同。
