Emerson R C, Coleman L
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1981 Jun;20(6):766-83.
The question of whether a moving image is especially effective for stimulating visual neurons was studied in the striate cortex of the cat. Receptive fields (RFs) of simple and complex neurons were stimulated with optimally oriented bright and dark bars that either moved smoothly or were presented statically at an array of positions across the RF. A linear prediction of responses to the smooth movement was calculated by superposition of the responses to stationary presentation of these bar stimuli. A comparison between responses to actual movement and their prediction showed that the relative effectiveness of a moving stimulus decreases with speed. Effects of "conditioning" stimuli and nitrous oxide anesthesia were also studied. Both simple and complex units exhibited on average slightly lower than predicted responses for both bright and dark bars, even when they moved in the preferred direction of the unit. Movement in the opposite direction usually elicited even lower response levels, suggesting nonlinear suppression. These results imply that a moving image has no special efficacy for visual neurons but rather that it has a special propensity to elicit suppression when it moves in the nonpreferred (null) direction of a neuron.
在猫的纹状皮层中研究了移动图像对刺激视觉神经元是否特别有效的问题。用最佳定向的亮条和暗条刺激简单和复杂神经元的感受野（RFs），这些条要么平稳移动，要么以一系列位置静态呈现于RF上。通过叠加对这些条形刺激静态呈现的反应来计算对平稳移动反应的线性预测。对实际运动的反应与其预测之间的比较表明，移动刺激的相对有效性随速度降低。还研究了“条件”刺激和一氧化二氮麻醉的影响。即使亮条和暗条沿神经元的偏好方向移动，简单和复杂单元平均表现出略低于预测的反应。相反方向的移动通常引起更低的反应水平，表明存在非线性抑制。这些结果意味着移动图像对视觉神经元没有特殊功效，而是当它在神经元的非偏好（零）方向移动时具有引起抑制的特殊倾向。
