Gurwitz D, Kattan M, Levison H, Culham J A
Pediatrics. 1978 Nov;62(5):789-94.
To assess the effect of hydrocarbon pneumonitis on the developing lung, we studied the pulmonary function of 17 asymptomatic children, 8 to 14 years after the initial insult. Fourteen of the 17 subjects (82%) had one or more pulmonary function abnormalities, the most frequent being a high volume of isoflow. Volume of isoflow, ratio residual volume to total lung capacity, slope of phase III, flow rates at 50% and 25% of vital capacity and 60% of the total lung capacity, one-second forced expiratory volume, and maximum midexpiratory flow rate differed significantly (P less than .05) from values in control groups. Closing volume and closing capacity were not significantly different. Residual abnormalities present in children after hydrocarbon pneumonitis can be explained on the basis of small airway obstruction and/or loss of elastic recoil. These children may be at risk for the development of chronic lung disease as adults when they are exposed to exogenous factors such as air pollution or smoking.
为评估碳氢化合物肺炎对发育中肺部的影响，我们研究了17名无症状儿童在初次患病后8至14年的肺功能。17名受试者中有14名（82%）存在一项或多项肺功能异常，最常见的是等流量容积增大。等流量容积、残气量与肺总量比值、第三阶段斜率、肺活量50%和25%以及肺总量60%时的流速、一秒用力呼气量和最大呼气中期流速与对照组的值有显著差异（P小于0.05）。闭合容积和闭合容量无显著差异。碳氢化合物肺炎患儿存在的残余异常可基于小气道阻塞和/或弹性回缩丧失来解释。这些儿童成年后接触空气污染或吸烟等外源性因素时，可能有患慢性肺病的风险。
