Nader P R, Ray L, Brink S
Pediatrics. 1981 Jan;67(1):53-60.
The extent of the use of services for the new morbidity, that is, children's behavioral, educational, and family-social problems, has not previously been the subject of a community-based prospective study. The demographic characteristics and utilization of school and community health care resources over a two-year period are compared for two groups selected from a random sample (n = 671) of elementary school children. Twenty-four percent (n = 164) were observed to have behavioral, educational, or social-family problems requiring attention or intervention by health or educational personnel. This group was compared to their schoolmates (n = 507) not so identified. Although no overall differences in sex, ethnic background, or family structure were identified, the children with new morbidity problems were more frequently in the lowest socioeconomic group, and had lower reading achievement scores and higher rates of absenteeism. The new morbidity group also has higher rates of utilization of services both at school and at community sites of health care, not only for new morbidity complaints, but for other problems as well. The data suggest that this portion of the school-aged population places a significant demand for health care resources on both community and school sites. The findings support the need for training of physicians in the care and prevention of such problems.
对于新出现的疾病，即儿童的行为、教育和家庭社会问题，服务的使用程度此前尚未成为一项基于社区的前瞻性研究的主题。从小学儿童随机样本（n = 671）中选取的两组儿童，比较了他们在两年期间的人口统计学特征以及学校和社区医疗资源的利用情况。观察发现，24%（n = 164）的儿童存在需要卫生或教育人员关注或干预的行为、教育或社会家庭问题。将这一组与未被认定有此类问题的同学（n = 507）进行了比较。虽然在性别、种族背景或家庭结构方面未发现总体差异，但有新发病问题的儿童更常处于社会经济地位最低的群体，阅读成绩较低且缺勤率较高。新发病组在学校和社区医疗场所的服务利用率也更高，不仅针对新发病的投诉，其他问题也是如此。数据表明，这部分学龄人口对社区和学校场所的医疗资源有大量需求。研究结果支持对医生进行此类问题护理和预防培训的必要性。
