[Pathology and pathophysiology of circulatory shock with respect to shock lung (author's transl)].

The circulatory and acute generalized failure of the circulation, in particular of the lesser peripheral circulation, and may possibly but not necessarily be accompanied by a decrease in blood pressure and damage to the tissue due to a lack of oxygen. The main question concerning the causal pathogenesis of shock is still unsettled, but an interaction between a lack of oxygen as well as of other factors, like endotoxin, complements and vasoactive amines, and the presence of a microthrombosis must be held responsible for the appearance of this condition. In modern intensive medicine the lung must be considered as the preferential area for the manifestation of shock. The clinical picture of shock lung may be described as acute respiratory deficiency accompanied by an impaired diffusion of oxygen, an increase in dead-space ventilation together with an increased shunt volume and intensified respiratory activity. The pathology of shock lung shows two phases and has its onset in exudative alveolitis followed by alveolar fibrosis which can be hardly be controlled by therapy. The early phase of shock lung manifesting itself by exudative alveolitis is decisive with regard to diagnosis and further therapeutic measurements. If the condition can be brought under control at this stage there is a chance that the patient may survive.