Brace R A, Christian J L
Am J Physiol. 1981 Jun;240(6):H843-7. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.1981.240.6.H843.
We used the method of membrane osmometry to determine capillary pressure (Pc), plasma protein osmotic pressure (IIp), interstitial protein osmotic pressure (IIif), and interstitial free fluid pressure (Pif) in subcutaneous tissue. These pressures were measured in the sheep and guinea pig fetus, newborn, adult, and pregnant adult. Although there were some similarities, we found major species differences. 1) IIp was a minimum in the fetus and gradually increased to a maximum with adulthood in the guinea pig, whereas IIp attained adult values in the newborn lamb. 2) IIp and Pc did not change with pregnancy in sheep, but, in the guinea pig, IIp and Pc decreased by approximately 30% during pregnancy. 3) The maximum and minimum IIif occurred in the fetal and adult guinea pig, respectively, whereas this was reversed in the sheep. 4) IIif decreased with pregnancy in the guinea pig but not in the sheep. 5) The minimum Pif was found in the newborn of both species. These data suggest that the forces that determine the intravascular-interstitial fluid distribution are different in the fetus, newborn, and adult and also vary among species.
我们采用膜渗透压测定法来测定皮下组织中的毛细血管压力（Pc）、血浆蛋白渗透压（IIp）、间质蛋白渗透压（IIif）和间质游离流体压力（Pif）。在绵羊和豚鼠胎儿、新生儿、成年动物以及成年怀孕动物中测量了这些压力。尽管存在一些相似之处，但我们发现了主要的物种差异。1）在豚鼠中，IIp在胎儿期最低，随着成年逐渐增加至最高值，而在新生羔羊中IIp达到成年值。2）在绵羊中，IIp和Pc在怀孕时不发生变化，但在豚鼠中，IIp和Pc在怀孕期间下降约30%。3）IIif的最大值和最小值分别出现在豚鼠胎儿期和成年期，而在绵羊中情况相反。4）在豚鼠中，IIif随怀孕而降低，但在绵羊中并非如此。5）在两个物种的新生儿中均发现了最低的Pif。这些数据表明，决定血管内-间质液分布的力量在胎儿、新生儿和成年动物中有所不同，并且在不同物种之间也存在差异。
