Patterson K E
Br J Psychol. 1981 May;72(Pt 2):151-74. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8295.1981.tb02174.x.
This paper describes four syndromes of acquired dyslexia (that is, reading deficits in previously literate adults who have suffered neurological damage); deep dyslexia, surface dyslexia, phonological dyslexia and letter-by-letter reading. The format of the description inquires whether reading performance in each syndrome is (1) sensitive to dimensions of words (such as word length or part of speech), (2) affected by experimental manipulations (such as exposure duration), and (3) relevant to theorectical issues (such as the nature of codes for word recognition in reading). The four patterns of reading impairment seem to relate in an orderly way to these dimensions, manipulations and issues drawn from the literature on normal word recognition and production. Such orderly relationships, it is claimed, favour the position that neuropsychological observations are germane to conceptions of normal reading.
本文描述了四种获得性阅读障碍综合征（即先前有读写能力的成年人在遭受神经损伤后出现的阅读缺陷）：深层阅读障碍、表层阅读障碍、语音阅读障碍和逐字母阅读。描述的形式探究了每种综合征中的阅读表现是否（1）对单词的维度（如单词长度或词性）敏感，（2）受实验操作（如暴露持续时间）的影响，以及（3）与理论问题（如阅读中单词识别的编码性质）相关。这四种阅读障碍模式似乎与这些维度、操作以及从关于正常单词识别和生成的文献中得出的问题存在有序的关联。据称，这种有序的关系支持神经心理学观察与正常阅读概念相关的观点。
