Kondo Y, Sato K, Ueyama Y, Ohsawa N
Cancer Res. 1981 Jul;41(7):2912-6.
Cachexia is rare in nude mice bearing human malignant tumors even when the transplanted tumors become as large as the body size of the host. In our series on heterotransplantation of a variety of human malignant tumors into nude mice, a malignant melanoma (SEKI) was found to induce severe body weight loss in the host at the early stage of transplantation. There was no electrolyte disturbance, hyper- or hypoadrenocorticism, hyperthyroidism, or destruction of cells of vital organs to account for the weight loss. Moreover, no evidence was obtained for concomitant infection with bacteria, Mycoplasma or fungi. These cachectic mice revealed remarkably increased levels of serum sialyltransferase and decreased liver catalase activity. The removal of tumor tissues from these mice resulted in prompt recovery of body weight, serum sialyltransferase, and liver catalase activity within 1 to 2 weeks. On the basis of the results obtained, the SEKI melanoma was thought to have produced a pathophysiological state in host nude mice which was very similar to that of cachexia in cancer patients. Nude mice bearing transplants of SEKI melanoma may provide a useful system for the study of cancer cachexia in humans.
恶病质在携带人类恶性肿瘤的裸鼠中很少见，即使移植的肿瘤长得与宿主身体大小一样大。在我们将多种人类恶性肿瘤异种移植到裸鼠的系列研究中，发现一种恶性黑色素瘤（SEKI）在移植早期会导致宿主严重体重减轻。没有电解质紊乱、肾上腺皮质功能亢进或减退、甲状腺功能亢进，也没有重要器官细胞破坏来解释体重减轻。此外，没有获得伴随细菌、支原体或真菌感染的证据。这些恶病质小鼠的血清唾液酸转移酶水平显著升高，肝脏过氧化氢酶活性降低。从这些小鼠身上切除肿瘤组织后，体重、血清唾液酸转移酶和肝脏过氧化氢酶活性在1至2周内迅速恢复。根据获得的结果，认为SEKI黑色素瘤在宿主裸鼠中产生了一种病理生理状态，与癌症患者的恶病质非常相似。携带SEKI黑色素瘤移植瘤的裸鼠可能为研究人类癌症恶病质提供一个有用的系统。
