Nissenson A R, Raible D, Higgins R E, Golding A L
Clin Nephrol. 1981 Jun;15(6):302-8.
A new carbon transcutaneous access device (CTAD) for hemodialysis id described the precludes the need for needle puncture. The device consists of a vitreous carbon access port attached to a PTFE graft. A disposable connector provides for movement of blood from the device into and out of the dialyzer. Twenty-one of the devices have been implanted in 18 patients. Overall 9 month patency rate is 64.3%, comparing favorably with conventional PTFE grafts. The incidence of infection (1 per .05 patient months) and thrombosis (28.6% at 9 months) similarly compare favorably with other forms of vascular access. The CTAD provides a unique opportunity by permitting hemodialysis without the pain or risk of needle punctures.
一种用于血液透析的新型经皮碳接入装置（CTAD）被描述，它无需针刺。该装置由连接到聚四氟乙烯移植物上的玻璃碳接入端口组成。一个一次性连接器用于使血液从该装置流入和流出透析器。已在18名患者中植入了21个这样的装置。总体9个月的通畅率为64.3%，与传统聚四氟乙烯移植物相比具有优势。感染发生率（每0.05患者月1例）和血栓形成率（9个月时为28.6%）与其他形式的血管通路相比同样具有优势。CTAD通过允许进行无针刺疼痛或风险的血液透析提供了一个独特的机会。
