Van Lancker D, Canter G J
J Speech Hear Res. 1981 Mar;24(1):64-9. doi: 10.1044/jshr.2401.64.
"Ditropically" ambiguous sentences (each having both a literal and an idiomatic interpretation) were prepared for listener's discrimination judgments, and for silent readers' rankings on an "idiomaticity" scale. Listeners were unable to discriminate the literal from the idiomatic versions when presented with randomized single sentences excised from paragraph contexts. There was a bias toward interpreting the sentences as idioms, which correlated with rankings of each sentence for its likelihood of idiomatic use. Listeners were easily able to identify the literal and the idiomatic versions of the same ditropic sentences presented in pairs or singularly, when speakers sought purposively to convey the contrasting meanings.
准备了具有双重含义的句子（每个句子都有字面意思和习语解释），用于让听众进行辨别判断，以及让默读者按照“习语程度”量表进行排序。当从段落语境中随机抽取单个句子呈现给听众时，他们无法区分字面意思和习语版本。存在一种将句子解释为习语的倾向，这与每个句子习语用法的可能性排名相关。当说话者有意传达对比含义时，听众能够轻松识别成对或单个呈现的相同双重含义句子的字面意思和习语版本。
