Aday L A, Sellers C, Andersen R M
Am J Public Health. 1981 Aug;71(8):835-40. doi: 10.2105/ajph.71.8.835.
This paper provides a state-of-the-art summary of the potentials and limitations of local surveys for assessing health problems in local areas. The information they provide may be helpful for a variety of purposes such as measuring the need for services, planning programs to address these needs, and evaluating their impact. Particular advantages of surveys are that they: provide information on the needs of people who have not sought care; permit special studies of particular target groups; provide data on variables which are only available from "asking" people; enable information to be collected on a range of correlates and indicators of health care behavior; provide an opportunity for examining relationships among variables; and permit well-timed community estimates of the impact of experimental programs. Limitations include the validity and reliability of survey data, and the costs and other problems of survey implementation.
本文提供了一份关于局部地区健康问题评估中局部调查的潜力与局限性的最新综述。它们所提供的信息可能有助于实现多种目的，如衡量服务需求、规划满足这些需求的项目以及评估其影响。调查的特别优势在于：提供未寻求医疗服务人群的需求信息；允许对特定目标群体进行专项研究；提供仅能通过“询问”人们获取的变量数据；能够收集一系列与医疗保健行为相关的因素和指标的信息；提供检验变量之间关系的机会；并允许适时对实验项目的影响进行社区评估。局限性包括调查数据的有效性和可靠性，以及调查实施的成本和其他问题。
