Fuller G K, Fuller D C
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1981 May;30(3):645-52. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1981.30.645.
After surveying various regions of Ethiopia using clinical examinations, filter paper indirect hemagglutination (IHA) test, and hydatid skin test, a hyperendemic focus of hydatid disease (Echinococcus granulosus) was found in southwestern Ethiopia. Two tribes, the Dassanetch and Nyangatom, in the lower Omo River Valley were found to have a particularly high prevalence of the disease. Of 1,342 individuals from these two tribes 4.8% had palpable abdominal cysts and 15% had hepatomegaly. This contrasts with 0.2% and 5.6%, respectively, for all other groups combined. Among the Dassanetch and Nyangatom, 6.4% had filter paper indirect hemagglutination titers 1:128 or greater versus only 0.3% for the combined results of other tested Ethiopian groups. Of 366 Dassanetch and Nyangatom, 31.7% were positive by the hydatid skin test versus 5.9% for all other southwestern Ethiopian tribes tested. Marked sex differences in hydatid skin test positivity, not reflected in the clinical findings or the IHA results, limit the use of this test for hydatid disease and suggest that possibility that men be exposed more frequently than women to other antigens cross-reacting with the hydatid skin test antigen.
在使用临床检查、滤纸间接血凝试验（IHA）和棘球蚴皮肤试验对埃塞俄比亚的各个地区进行调查后，在埃塞俄比亚西南部发现了一个棘球蚴病（细粒棘球绦虫）的高度流行区。发现奥莫河下游流域的两个部落，即达萨内奇部落和尼亚加托姆部落，该病的患病率特别高。在这两个部落的1342人中，4.8%可触及腹部囊肿，15%有肝肿大。相比之下，其他所有组的这两个比例分别为0.2%和5.6%。在达萨内奇部落和尼亚加托姆部落中，6.4%的滤纸间接血凝滴度为1:128或更高，而其他接受检测的埃塞俄比亚组的综合结果仅为0.3%。在366名达萨内奇部落和尼亚加托姆部落的人中，31.7%的棘球蚴皮肤试验呈阳性，而埃塞俄比亚西南部其他所有接受检测的部落这一比例为5.9%。棘球蚴皮肤试验阳性存在明显的性别差异，这在临床检查结果或IHA结果中并未体现，这限制了该试验在棘球蚴病诊断中的应用，并提示男性可能比女性更频繁地接触到与棘球蚴皮肤试验抗原发生交叉反应的其他抗原。
