Stetler H C, Trowbridge F L, Huong A Y
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1981 Jul;30(4):888-93. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1981.30.888.
Data are presented to quantify the relationship between nutritional status and diarrheal disease reported in a 1-week period in children in El Salvador. A strong association was observed between reported diarrhea and combined wasting (defined by low weight-for-height) and stunting (defined by low height-for-age). This association held for all age groups studied and was consistently observed in the seasons of low and high prevalence of malnutrition. There were also significant associations between reported diarrhea and wasting alone, low weight-for-age, and low arm circumference. No consistent association was observed between reported diarrhea and stunting or chronic undernutrition as defined by low height-for-age, suggesting that short stature is not, by itself, a risk factor for diarrhea. Previously defined seasonal patterns of malnutrition for El Salvador as a whole were confirmed and appear to affect some geographic subregions more severely than others. Definition of these regional and seasonal patterns of malnutrition and their association with diarrhea has implications for the targeting and timing of nutrition interventions.
本文呈现的数据旨在量化萨尔瓦多儿童在一周内报告的营养状况与腹泻疾病之间的关系。研究发现，报告的腹泻与消瘦（以身高别体重低定义）和发育迟缓（以年龄别身高低定义）合并存在之间存在强烈关联。这种关联在所有研究年龄组中均成立，并且在营养不良患病率低和高的季节中均持续观察到。报告的腹泻与单纯消瘦、年龄别体重低和上臂围低之间也存在显著关联。未观察到报告的腹泻与发育迟缓或以年龄别身高低定义的慢性营养不良之间存在一致关联，这表明身材矮小本身并非腹泻的危险因素。萨尔瓦多整体先前定义的营养不良季节性模式得到了证实，并且似乎对某些地理分区的影响比对其他分区更为严重。确定这些营养不良的区域和季节性模式及其与腹泻的关联，对于营养干预措施的目标设定和时机选择具有重要意义。
