Carroll K K
Cancer Res. 1981 Sep;41(9 Pt 2):3695-9.
High-fat diets enhance the development of mammary and intestinal tumors on animals, and dietary fat also shows a strong positive correlation with mortality from cancers of the breast and colon in human populations. In animals, dietary fat appears to act as a promoter of carcinogenesis rather than as an influence in the initiation of tumors. Polyunsaturated fats enhance mammary tumorigenesis and stimulate tumor growth more effectively than do saturated fats. However, diets containing a small amount of polyunsaturated fat and a high level of saturated fat increase mammary tumor yields as effectively as do diets containing a high level of polyunsaturated fat. Fatty acids of either the linoleate or linolenate family appear to be able to satisfy the small requirement for polyunsaturated fat. The mechanism by which dietary fat influences mammary tumorigenesis is not known but may involve hormonal effects, immune responses, to alterations in cellular membranes. Dietary fat is thought to enhance the development of intestinal tumors by stimulating production of bile acids, some of which act as promoters of tumorigenesis.
高脂饮食会促进动物乳腺和肠道肿瘤的发展，并且膳食脂肪与人类人群中乳腺癌和结肠癌的死亡率也呈现出很强的正相关。在动物身上，膳食脂肪似乎是致癌作用的促进因素，而非肿瘤起始的影响因素。多不饱和脂肪比饱和脂肪更能有效地促进乳腺肿瘤发生并刺激肿瘤生长。然而，含有少量多不饱和脂肪和高水平饱和脂肪的饮食与含有高水平多不饱和脂肪的饮食一样，能有效地提高乳腺肿瘤的发生率。亚油酸或亚麻酸家族的脂肪酸似乎都能够满足对多不饱和脂肪的少量需求。膳食脂肪影响乳腺肿瘤发生的机制尚不清楚，但可能涉及激素作用、免疫反应或细胞膜的改变。膳食脂肪被认为通过刺激胆汁酸的产生来促进肠道肿瘤的发展，其中一些胆汁酸可作为肿瘤发生的促进剂。
