Hesser C M, Linnarsson D, Fagraeus L
J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1981 Apr;50(4):747-53. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1981.50.4.747.
Pulmonary ventilation (V) and the interrelationships of airflow, transpulmonary pressure, and lung volume during inspiration and expiration were studied in eight healthy subjects who performed maximal exercise (MEx; 140% VO2 max), 15-s maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV), and forced inspiratory and expiratory vital capacity (FVC) maneuvers at 1, 3, and 6 ATA. Maximal exercise ventilation and MVV amounted to 149 +/- 7 (mean +/- SE) and 193 +/- 9 l . min-1, respectively, at 1 ATA and were both reduced by approximately 37% at 3 ATA and by 50% at 6 ATA. Expiratory peak flows during MEx and MVV were equal to the maximal flows obtained during FVC at comparable lung volumes, whereas inspiratory peak flows during MEx were 20% less than the FVC flows. Despite a sixfold increase in gas density, the rate of mechanical work of breathing decreased when the pressure was raised to 6 ATA, during MEx from 8 +/- 1 to 6 +/- 1 W, and during MVV from 28 +/- 5 to 18 +/- 3 W. With increasing gas density there was a shift of lung volumes in the inspiratory direction with consequent reductions of inspiratory-to-expiratory flow ratios. We conclude that depletion of energy stores in the inspiratory muscles contributed to limiting V during MEx at raised air pressure.
在8名健康受试者中，研究了肺通气（V）以及吸气和呼气过程中气流、跨肺压和肺容积之间的相互关系。这些受试者在1、3和6ATA下进行了最大运动（MEx；140%VO2 max）、15秒最大自主通气（MVV）以及用力吸气和呼气肺活量（FVC）操作。在1ATA时，最大运动通气量和MVV分别为149±7（平均值±标准误）和193±9升·分钟-1，在3ATA时两者均降低约37%，在6ATA时降低50%。MEx和MVV期间的呼气峰值流量与在可比肺容积下FVC期间获得的最大流量相等，而MEx期间的吸气峰值流量比FVC流量少20%。尽管气体密度增加了六倍，但当压力升至6ATA时，呼吸机械功的速率下降，在MEx期间从8±1瓦降至6±1瓦，在MVV期间从28±5瓦降至18±3瓦。随着气体密度的增加，肺容积向吸气方向移动，从而导致吸气与呼气流量比降低。我们得出结论，在气压升高的情况下，吸气肌能量储备的消耗导致了MEx期间V的受限。
