迷走神经刺激和气态组胺会增加肺回缩的滞后现象。

Vagal stimulation and aerosol histamine increase hysteresis of lung recoil.

作者信息

Loring S H, Drazen J M, Smith J C, Hoppin F G

出版信息

J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1981 Aug;51(2):477-84. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1981.51.2.477.

DOI:10.1152/jappl.1981.51.2.477

Abstract

Bronchoconstriction changes pulmonary resistance and dynamic compliance by altering both airway properties and dynamic lung tissue recoil. To assess the contribution of recoil, we measured transpulmonary pressure in anesthetized open-chest dogs during sinusoidal ventilation with gas flow and during sinusoidal compression of intrapulmonary gas without flow. Measurements with gas flow characterized total pulmonary behavior, including the contribution of gas flow in airways, whereas measurements during gas compression characterized lung tissue recoil alone. Histamine aerosol produced a 54% decrease in dynamic compliance, a 465% increase in total pulmonary resistance, and a 153% increase in pressure-volume hysteresis of dynamic recoil. Vagal stimulation produced a 31% decrease in dynamic compliance, a 135% increase in total pulmonary resistance, an 82% increase in the hysteresis of recoil, and a 15% increase in mean recoil pressure. At slow oscillation frequencies (0.2 Hz) and high transpulmonary pressures (10 cmH2O), hysteresis of lung recoil contributes substantially to total pulmonary resistance, and changes in dynamic lung recoil can account for much (35%) of the increase in pulmonary resistance seen with bronchoconstriction.

摘要

支气管收缩通过改变气道特性和肺组织动态弹性回缩来改变肺阻力和动态顺应性。为了评估弹性回缩的作用，我们在麻醉开胸犬进行正弦通气伴气流时以及肺内气体无气流的正弦压缩时测量跨肺压。有气流时的测量表征了整个肺的行为，包括气道中气流的作用，而气体压缩时的测量仅表征肺组织弹性回缩。组胺气雾剂使动态顺应性降低54%，总肺阻力增加465%，动态弹性回缩的压力-容积滞后增加153%。迷走神经刺激使动态顺应性降低31%，总肺阻力增加135%，弹性回缩滞后增加82%，平均弹性回缩压力增加15%。在慢振荡频率（0.2Hz）和高跨肺压（10cmH₂O）时，肺弹性回缩滞后对总肺阻力有很大贡献，动态肺弹性回缩的变化可解释支气管收缩时肺阻力增加的很大一部分（35%）。