Cole R J, Dorner J W, Cox R H, Cunfer B M, Cutler H G, Stuart B P
J Nat Prod. 1981 May-Jun;44(3):324-30. doi: 10.1021/np50015a015.
An isolate of Fusarium heterosporum Nees ex Fr. that parasitizes the honeydew and immature sclerotia of Claviceps paspali was shown to be highly toxigenic to day-old chickens. The major toxicity of culture extracts of the fungus was due to the presence of several trichothecene mycotoxins. Six trichothecenes were isolated and chemically identified by spectroscopic methods as T-2 toxin (1), HT-2 toxin (2), T-2 tetraol (6), 3alpha,4beta,dihydroxy-15-acetoxy-8alpha-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyryloxy)-12,13-epoxytrichothec-9-ene (3), 3alpha,4beta,15-trihydroxy-8alpha-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyryloxy)-12,13-epoxytri chothec-9-ene (5), and 3alpha,4beta,8alpha-trihydroxy-15-acetoxy-12,13-epoxytrichothec-9-ene (4). The acute toxicities of the trichothecenes were compared to the effects of T-2 toxin in day-old chickens and on the back skins of rabbits. The comparative inhibitory effects of the trichothecene mycotoxins in the Triticum coleoptile bioassays were also determined.
一种寄生于雀稗麦角菌蜜露和未成熟菌核上的异孢镰刀菌（Fusarium heterosporum Nees ex Fr.）菌株被证明对一日龄雏鸡具有高度毒性。该真菌培养提取物的主要毒性归因于几种单端孢霉烯族霉菌毒素的存在。通过光谱法分离并化学鉴定出六种单端孢霉烯族毒素，分别为T-2毒素（1）、HT-2毒素（2）、T-2四醇（6）、3α,4β-二羟基-15-乙酰氧基-8α-（3-羟基-3-甲基丁酰氧基）-12,13-环氧单端孢霉-9-烯（3）、3α,4β,15-三羟基-8α-（3-羟基-3-甲基丁酰氧基）-12,13-环氧单端孢霉-9-烯（5）以及3α,4β,8α-三羟基-15-乙酰氧基-12,13-环氧单端孢霉-9-烯（4）。将这些单端孢霉烯族毒素与T-2毒素对一日龄雏鸡和家兔背部皮肤的影响进行了急性毒性比较。还测定了单端孢霉烯族霉菌毒素在小麦胚芽鞘生物测定中的相对抑制作用。
