[Physiological and psychological basis for verbal errors].

The author believes that one of the main phenomena in the pathophysiology of the nervous system in the clinical picture of nervous and mental disorders is the desintegrative deviation in the motion of the nervous process. This phenomenon is known in the clinical picture of aphasia as paraphasia, described by Kraepelin in schizophrenic thinking, as "slipping off", etc. The most general pathophysiological basis of this phenomenon may be found in the parabiosis of Vvedensky. Verbal errors of normals may be considered as a model for studying desintegrative deviation inasmuch as they appear in parobiotic conditions of norm. In this light the author analyzes some verbal errors taken from self-experience. An analysis of these errors demonstrates that in order to explain the mechanism of their occurrence, the principle of pavlov's ultraparadoxical phases, the mechanism of Jackson's "release from control" and the principle of Ukhtomskýs dominant can be used. Quite frequently speech errors of a mixed typed can be encountered, i. e. in an interference of these 3 principles.