Osbern L N, Crapo R O
Ann Intern Med. 1981 Sep;95(3):312-4. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-95-3-312.
The use of liquid manure storage facilities poses several serious threats: toxic gas inhalation, asphyxiation, aspiration of liquid manure, and infection. Hydrogen sulfide poisoning in a manure storage pit resulted in three deaths. Two of the persons who died had massive aspiration of liquid manure; the third had severe pulmonary edema but had not aspirated manure. The clinical course of the patient who survived was complicated by hemodynamic instability, adult respiratory distress syndrome, and infection. These accidents can be prevented by the use of a self-contained breathing apparatus and a safety line, as well as the presence of a second person for rescue if necessary. Recommendations for treatment are mainly supportive, including cardiopulmonary resuscitation, mechanical ventilation, oxygen, and positive end-expiratory pressure. Nitrites may speed recovery but in excess can cause other complications.
吸入有毒气体、窒息、吸入液体粪肥以及感染。一个粪肥储存坑内发生的硫化氢中毒导致三人死亡。两名死者大量吸入了液体粪肥；第三人患有严重肺水肿，但未吸入粪肥。幸存患者的临床病程因血流动力学不稳定、成人呼吸窘迫综合征和感染而复杂化。这些事故可通过使用自给式呼吸器和安全绳来预防，必要时还需有第二人在场进行救援。治疗建议主要是支持性的，包括心肺复苏、机械通气、输氧和呼气末正压通气。亚硝酸盐可能会加速康复，但过量使用会引发其他并发症。
