Intestinal absorption of zinc: a role for a zinc-binding ligand in milk.

This study examined the proposal that a low molecular weight, zinc-binding ligand (ZBL) in certain milks is important for zinc absorption in the neonatal period. Ten-day-old rats, in which intestinal ZBL is absent, fed (by stomach intubation) 65Zn-labeled ZBL from rat milk, absorbed significantly more 65Zn than those fed free 65ZnCl2 or bovine milk fractions. ZBL from human milk appeared to have an intermediate effect, possibly due to species specificity. 65Zn was found in the ZBL fraction in intestinal mucosa of 10-day-old rats fed rat or human milk fractions, but not in those fed bovine milk or free 65ZnCl2. In contrast, in 18-day-old rats, which have an endogenous intestinal ZBL, there were no differences in zinc absorption, and any of the labeled milk fractions or free 65Zn caused localization of 65Zn in the ZBL fraction of intestinal mucosa. These results support the hypothesis that the intestinal ZBL plays a role in zinc absorption and that in the neonatal period before its development the milk ZBL is valuable for this function. This mechanism may be important in normal human infants as well as in acrodermatitis enteropathica patients.