Mirakhur R K, Clarke R S, Elliott J, Dundee J W
Anaesthesia. 1978 Nov-Dec;33(10):906-12.
The effect of premedication with the cholinergic blocking drugs, atropine and glycopyrronium, was investigated in two groups, each of twenty patients, with regard to their effects on cardiac rate and rhythm during induction of anaesthesia and tracheal intubation. Another similar group of twenty patients was given no anticholinergic premedication. The incidence of dysrhythmias was 35% in the atropine group and 10% in the glycopyrronium group but there were no dysrhythmias in patients given no anticholinergic drug. The average rises in arterial pressure were similar in all three groups. Atropine administration led to a greater initial rise in heart rate before the induction of anaesthesia, although the average heart rates were similar in the three groups at the time of intubation and cuff inflation. The routine use of anticholinergic premedication seems to be unnecessary since the antisialogogue effect does not make any difference to the course of anaesthesia. However, if the antisialogogue action is important, glycopyrronium offers an advantage over atropine.
针对两组各20名患者，研究了使用胆碱能阻滞药物阿托品和格隆溴铵进行术前用药，在麻醉诱导和气管插管期间对心率和心律的影响。另一组20名相似的患者未接受抗胆碱能术前用药。阿托品组心律失常的发生率为35%，格隆溴铵组为10%，但未接受抗胆碱能药物的患者未出现心律失常。三组患者的平均动脉压升高情况相似。尽管在插管和气囊充气时三组患者的平均心率相似，但使用阿托品导致在麻醉诱导前心率有更大的初始升高。常规使用抗胆碱能术前用药似乎没有必要，因为其抑制唾液分泌的作用对麻醉过程没有任何影响。然而，如果抑制唾液分泌的作用很重要，那么格隆溴铵比阿托品更具优势。
