Rose E H, Vistnes L M, Ksander G A
Ann Plast Surg. 1978 May;1(3):252-66. doi: 10.1097/00000637-197805000-00002.
In this paper, we focus on the hypodermal component of the integument and its functional contribution to properties of skin mobility. A specially designed mechanical apparatus was used to measure hypodermal extensibility in vivo of 6-mm "island" punches at selected anatomical sites in anesthetized pigs. Representative regional hypodermal force displacement curves were found to differ statistically in magnitude of acceleration, slope, and extensions at breaking point. A vertically oriented "lattice network" of hypodermal fibrous elements arranged in geometric subunits is consistently seen in sample specimens. Microarchitectural differences in network configuration, geometric unit size, fat infiltration, and intrinsic collagen fiber length can be correlated directly to the biomechanical data. These findings are corroborated by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and quantitative hydroxyproline concentrations. A similar network is confirmed in human cadaver biopsies. Clinically, our data suggest that skin mobility is at least partially allowed by unfolding and stretching of the hypodermal vertical collagen network, and that regional variations in fibrous network architecture satisfy specific functional requisites (e.g., joint mobility, skin stabilization), as well as serving as an expansile retractile reservoir for the deposition and absorption of fat.
在本文中，我们聚焦于皮肤的皮下组织成分及其对皮肤移动性的功能贡献。使用一种专门设计的机械设备来测量麻醉猪选定解剖部位6毫米“岛状”皮片的皮下组织在体内的伸展性。发现代表性区域皮下组织力-位移曲线在加速度大小、斜率和断裂点延伸方面存在统计学差异。在样本标本中始终可见由排列成几何亚单位的皮下纤维成分构成的垂直“晶格网络”。网络结构、几何单元大小、脂肪浸润和固有胶原纤维长度的微观结构差异可直接与生物力学数据相关联。这些发现通过光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和羟脯氨酸定量浓度得到证实。在人体尸体活检中也证实了类似的网络。临床上，我们的数据表明，皮下垂直胶原网络的展开和拉伸至少部分地促成了皮肤的移动性，并且纤维网络结构的区域差异满足特定的功能需求（例如关节移动性、皮肤稳定性），同时还作为脂肪沉积和吸收的可扩张可收缩储存库。
