Fukashiro S, Iimoto Y, Kobayashi H, Miyashita M
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1981;13(4):233-7. doi: 10.1249/00005768-198104000-00005.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the triple jump from the viewpoint of the velocity of the center of gravity and the mechanical energy. Eight 16 mm cameras were used to film the whole motion of 15 triple-jumpers from the end of the run-up to the landing of the jump. The horizontal velocity decreased during the first half of each take-off and increased during the second half. However, the absolute value of the velocity decreased from hop-to-step and from step-to-jump (the reductions were 8.5% and 15.1%, respectively). The vertical velocity increased at an almost constant rate during each take-off. The maximum height of the center of gravity was similar during the flights in the hop and the jump, and in the step it was approximately 10% lower than in the hop and the jump. The mechanical energy decreased after each take-off. Four percent of the mechanical energy acquired during the run-up was lost during take-off for the hop. The maintenance ratio was much lower (approximately 85%) for the step and the jump.
本研究的目的是从重心速度和机械能的角度对三级跳远进行研究。使用8台16毫米摄像机拍摄了15名三级跳远运动员从助跑结束到跳跃落地的整个动作。每次起跳的前半段水平速度下降，后半段水平速度增加。然而，速度的绝对值从单脚跳过渡到跨步跳以及从跨步跳过渡到双脚跳时均有所下降（降幅分别为8.5%和15.1%）。每次起跳过程中垂直速度几乎以恒定速率增加。单脚跳和双脚跳飞行过程中重心的最大高度相似，而跨步跳时重心最大高度比单脚跳和双脚跳时约低10%。每次起跳后机械能都会减少。单脚跳起跳时损失了助跑过程中获得的机械能的4%。跨步跳和双脚跳的机械能维持率要低得多（约85%）。
