Greist-Bousquet S, Schiffman H R
Perception. 1981;10(2):155-64. doi: 10.1068/p100155.
In the standard version of the Poggendorff figure a transversal intersects two parallel verticals and the segment of the transversal between the two intersection points, A and B, is not shown. The two portions of the transversal outside the parallels then seem to be misaligned. Besides this illusion of direction, there is also an illusion of size, the distance AB being underestimated in the standard figure. The influence of configural components in determining this spatial distortion of the Poggendorff figure was examined by having subjects reproduce the inner oblique (at 45 degrees) extent AB in variations of the figure. This distance was found to be underestimated in Poggendorff variations which contained parallel (vertical) components that formed an acute angle with AB; and the underestimation increased as the number of these components present in the figure increased. The distance AB was found not be significantly distorted in figures which contained only those parallel (vertical) components that formed an obtuse angle with AB, yet their presence in the figure tended to counteract the underestimation. When the transversals were omitted, the underestimation was found to increase. The findings are interpreted in support of an explanation that reduces the Poggendorff effect to those factors which mediate the Müller-Lyer illusion.
在波根多夫图形的标准版本中，一条横线与两条平行的竖线相交，而横线在两个交点A和B之间的部分未显示。于是，平行线之外的横线的两部分看起来似乎未对齐。除了这种方向错觉外，还有一种大小错觉，即在标准图形中，距离AB被低估。通过让受试者在图形的变体中重现内斜（45度）范围AB，研究了构型成分在确定波根多夫图形这种空间变形中的影响。发现在包含与AB形成锐角的平行（垂直）成分的波根多夫变体中，该距离被低估；并且随着图形中这些成分数量的增加，低估程度也增加。发现在仅包含与AB形成钝角的那些平行（垂直）成分的图形中，距离AB没有明显变形，然而它们在图形中的存在往往会抵消这种低估。当省略横线时，发现低估程度会增加。这些发现被解释为支持一种将波根多夫效应归结为介导缪勒 - 莱尔错觉的那些因素的解释。
