Schott G D, Wyke M A
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1981 Jul;44(7):586-99. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.44.7.586.
In this report are described seven patients assessed clinically and neuropsychologically in whom mirror movements affecting predominantly the hands occurred as a congenital disorder. These mirror movements, representing a specific type of abnormal synkinesia, may arise as a hereditary condition, in the presence of a recognisable underlying neurological abnormality, and sporadically, and the seven patients provide more or less satisfactory examples of each of these three groups. Despite the apparent uniformity of the disorder, the heterogeneity and variability may be marked, examples in some of our patients including the pronounced increase in tone that developed with arm movement, and the capacity for modulation of the associated movement by alteration of neck position and bio-feedback. Various possible mechanisms are considered; these include impaired cerebral inhibition of unwanted movements, and functioning of abnormal motor pathways. Emphasis has been placed on the putative role of the direct, crossed corticomotoneurone pathways and on the unilateral and bilateral cerebral events that precede movement.
本报告描述了7例经临床和神经心理学评估的患者，他们存在主要影响手部的镜像运动，这是一种先天性疾病。这些镜像运动代表了一种特殊类型的异常联带运动，可能作为一种遗传性疾病出现，也可能在存在可识别的潜在神经学异常的情况下出现，还可能散发性出现，而这7例患者或多或少分别提供了这三组情况的满意示例。尽管该疾病表面上具有一致性，但异质性和变异性可能很明显，我们的一些患者的示例包括随着手臂运动而出现的肌张力明显增加，以及通过改变颈部位置和生物反馈来调节相关运动的能力。文中考虑了各种可能的机制；这些机制包括大脑对不必要运动的抑制受损，以及异常运动通路的作用。重点强调了直接的、交叉的皮质运动神经元通路的假定作用以及运动之前的单侧和双侧大脑事件。
