Schomerus H
Z Gastroenterol. 1981 Sep;19(9):471-6.
Alcohol may lead to central nervous system damage through direct toxic action (intoxication and withdrawal). In addition fundamental dietary insufficiencies in the alcoholic may lead to nutritional disease of the CNS mainly through thiamin deficiency (Wernicke Korsakow syndrome). This syndrome may be aggravated by treatment with intravenous carbohydrates. It has been speculated that the rare syndrome of central pontine myelinolysis may be caused by intravenous administration of fluids in the presence of increased secretion of ADH during withdrawal. The differential diagnosis of changes in consciousness in an alcoholic also includes chronic subdural haematoma.
酒精可能通过直接毒性作用（中毒和戒断）导致中枢神经系统损伤。此外，酗酒者基本的饮食不足可能主要通过硫胺素缺乏（韦尼克 - 科尔萨科夫综合征）导致中枢神经系统营养疾病。静脉输注碳水化合物进行治疗可能会加重这种综合征。据推测，罕见的桥脑中央髓鞘溶解综合征可能是在戒断期间抗利尿激素分泌增加的情况下静脉输液所致。酗酒者意识改变的鉴别诊断还包括慢性硬膜下血肿。
