Zimmerman R L
Biophys J. 1980 Mar;29(3):539-44. doi: 10.1016/S0006-3495(80)85152-6.
A point of source of light against a dark background is perceived by the human retina as a point image enhanced by off-axis points (rays if the source is polychromatic) of light scattered from objects along the optic axis. As a consequence of movement of the vitreous humor, scattering centers imbedded there impart of this scattering pattern a corresponding movement. A method has been devised to give the vitreous humor reproducible initial conditions and to record the observed relaxation of the scattering pattern to its new rest position. The vitreous humor is found to be overdamped, and the heretofore unreported shear elastic modulus has been determined. A striking gravitational effect is revealed by comparing observations along a horizontal optic axis with ones along a vertical optic axis. For the former, gravitational torque is found to dominate the elastic torque. The reason nature has developed a slow-responding gravitational sensor in the vitreous humor is not clear.
在黑暗背景下的一个点光源，被人类视网膜感知为一个点图像，该图像由沿光轴从物体散射的离轴点（如果光源是多色的则为光线）增强。由于玻璃体的运动，嵌入其中的散射中心使这种散射模式产生相应的运动。已经设计出一种方法来给玻璃体提供可重复的初始条件，并记录观察到的散射模式向其新静止位置的弛豫情况。发现玻璃体是过阻尼的，并且确定了迄今未报告的剪切弹性模量。通过比较沿水平光轴和垂直光轴的观察结果，揭示了一个显著的引力效应。对于前者，发现引力扭矩主导弹性扭矩。目前尚不清楚大自然为何在玻璃体中发展出一个响应缓慢的引力传感器。
