Nattie E E, Edwards W H
J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1981 Nov;51(5):1086-91. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1981.51.5.1086.
We studied the fluid and electrolyte response of the brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the lightly anesthetized newborn puppy exposed to acute (1-3 h) mild hyponatremia (12% decrease) and hypernatremia (7% increase). The changes in CSF osmolality, sodium, and chloride were equal to those in plasma. Blood acid-base values and CSF PCO2 remained normal, but in CSF there was a transient dilution acidosis in hyponatremia and contraction alkalosis in hypernatremia. In brain tissue, with hyponatremia, brain water increased in proportion to the osmotic stress (a change which was greater than that previously observed in adults) and the chloride space increased in the puppy (a change that was opposite to that observed in adults). There were no significant changes in dry tissue potassium, sodium, or chloride content. In hypernatremia, brain water decreased less than predicted by the osmotic change, the chloride space was unchanged, dry tissue potassium and chloride increased, and sodium was unchanged. In the newborn puppy, brain cell and extracellular volume regulation is not apparent with acute hyponatremia but is with hypernatremia.
我们研究了轻度麻醉的新生幼犬在急性（1 - 3小时）轻度低钠血症（降低12%）和高钠血症（升高7%）情况下脑和脑脊液（CSF）的液体及电解质反应。脑脊液渗透压、钠和氯的变化与血浆中的变化相当。血液酸碱值和脑脊液PCO₂保持正常，但在脑脊液中，低钠血症时出现短暂的稀释性酸中毒，高钠血症时出现浓缩性碱中毒。在脑组织中，低钠血症时脑含水量随渗透压应激成比例增加（这种变化比之前在成体中观察到的更大），幼犬的氯间隙增加（这种变化与在成体中观察到的相反）。干组织钾、钠或氯含量无显著变化。高钠血症时，脑含水量减少幅度小于渗透压变化所预测的，氯间隙不变，干组织钾和氯增加，钠不变。在新生幼犬中，急性低钠血症时脑细胞和细胞外液体积调节不明显，但高钠血症时明显。
