Reichman B, Chessex P, Putet G, Verellen G, Smith J M, Heim T, Swyer P R
N Engl J Med. 1981 Dec 17;305(25):1495-500. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198112173052503.
To compare the growth and accumulation of protein, fat, and carbohydrate in the formula-fed premature infant and in the fetus of a similar postconceptional age, we performed 22 metabolic studies in 13 infants of very low birth weight (1155 +/- 39 g [mean +/- S.E.]). Measurements combining nutritional balance and indirect calorimetry demonstrated the deposition rates of protein and fat. We found that the formula-fed, very-low-birth-weight infant who gained weight comparably to the fetus retained the same amount of protein (1.92 +/- 0.1 g per kilogram of body weight per day) but accumulated fat at a rate of 5.4 +/- 0.3 g per kilogram per day - about three times that in the fetus, as confirmed by increased skin-fold thickness. How this change in body composition affects the future growth of formula-fed premature infants, and how body composition is altered by other dietary regimens such as the provision of human milk, remain to be determined.
为比较配方奶喂养的早产儿与孕龄相似的胎儿体内蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物的生长及蓄积情况，我们对13名极低出生体重儿（1155±39 g[均值±标准误]）进行了22项代谢研究。结合营养平衡和间接测热法的测量结果显示了蛋白质和脂肪的沉积率。我们发现，体重增长与胎儿相当的配方奶喂养极低出生体重儿，每日每千克体重保留的蛋白质量相同（1.92±0.1 g），但脂肪蓄积速率为每日每千克体重5.4±0.3 g，约为胎儿的三倍，这一点通过皮褶厚度增加得到证实。这种身体成分的变化如何影响配方奶喂养早产儿的未来生长，以及其他饮食方案（如提供母乳）如何改变身体成分，仍有待确定。
