Conklin W T, Davis R M, Dabb R W, Reilly C M
Plast Reconstr Surg. 1981 Dec;68(6):930-2. doi: 10.1097/00006534-198112000-00015.
This case demonstrates how a midline ectopic thyroid gland can be misdiagnosed as a thyroglossal duct cyst. Awareness of this clinical entity is critical if the diagnosis is to be made preoperatively. Thyroid function tests and a 99mTc or 123I scintiscan of the neck should be performed when evaluating a patient with a midline anterior cervical mass. Although thyroid replacement will often cause regression of the enlarged ectopic thyroid gland, surgical intervention is required if a solid mass persists. When an ectopic thyroid gland has been excised and is subsequently found to be the child's only thyroid tissue, thyroid replacement is necessary. If biopsy of the mass established the diagnosis at the time of surgery, effective treatment consists of longitudinally dividing the tissue and placing each half laterally beneath the strap muscles. When this is done, long-term follow-up and periodic thyroid function tests are advised. If this tissue should become hypoactive, thyroid replacement is then required.
该病例展示了中线异位甲状腺如何被误诊为甲状舌管囊肿。若要在术前做出诊断，认识这一临床实体至关重要。在评估一名有颈前中线肿块的患者时，应进行甲状腺功能测试以及颈部的99mTc或123I闪烁扫描。尽管甲状腺替代治疗通常会使肿大的异位甲状腺缩小，但如果实性肿块持续存在，则需要进行手术干预。当异位甲状腺被切除后，随后发现它是患儿唯一的甲状腺组织时，就需要进行甲状腺替代治疗。如果在手术时通过肿块活检确立了诊断，有效的治疗方法是纵向切开组织，并将每一半分别放置在带状肌下方的外侧。完成此操作后，建议进行长期随访和定期甲状腺功能测试。如果该组织功能减退，则需要进行甲状腺替代治疗。
