Dawson J, Bryant M G, Bloom S R, Peters T J
Regul Pept. 1981 Sep;2(5):305-15. doi: 10.1016/0167-0115(81)90035-5.
Analytical subcellular fractionation techniques using metrizamide density gradients have been used to investigate the properties of the gut hormone storage granules and the principal organelles from homogenates of normal human jejunal mucosa obtained by peroral mucosal biopsy. The individual hormones, detected by radioimmunoassay, each showed single discrete peaks in the density gradient experiments indicating localisation to single granules each with characteristic modal densities. Thus motilin showed a modal density of 1.15, gastrin 1.16, gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) 1.17, enteroglucagon 1.18 and somatostatin and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) 1.10 g/ml. The following organelles, characterised by their marker enzymes were located in the density gradients; plasma membrane (5'-nucleotidase) brush border (alpha-glucosidase, pH 6.0) mitochondria (particulate malate dehydrogenase), peroxisomes (catalase), lysosomes (N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase), endoplasmic reticulum (alpha-glucosidase, pH 8.0), cytosol (lactate dehydrogenase). These studies provide biochemical evidence of the distinct nature of the individual gut hormone storage granules and provide a basis for studying dynamic changes in the granules in response to physiological stimuli and pathological processes.
利用甲泛葡胺密度梯度的分析性亚细胞分级分离技术，已被用于研究肠道激素储存颗粒的特性以及通过经口黏膜活检获得的正常人空肠黏膜匀浆中的主要细胞器。通过放射免疫测定法检测到的每种激素，在密度梯度实验中均显示出单一离散峰，表明定位于具有特征性模态密度的单个颗粒。因此，胃动素的模态密度为1.15，胃泌素为1.16，胃抑制多肽（GIP）为1.17，肠高血糖素为1.18，生长抑素和血管活性肠肽（VIP）为1.10 g/ml。以下以其标记酶为特征的细胞器位于密度梯度中：质膜（5'-核苷酸酶）、刷状缘（α-葡萄糖苷酶，pH 6.0）、线粒体（颗粒状苹果酸脱氢酶）、过氧化物酶体（过氧化氢酶）、溶酶体（N-乙酰-β-氨基葡萄糖苷酶）、内质网（α-葡萄糖苷酶，pH 8.0）、胞质溶胶（乳酸脱氢酶）。这些研究提供了单个肠道激素储存颗粒独特性质的生化证据，并为研究颗粒对生理刺激和病理过程的动态变化提供了基础。
