Townsend W F, Walter L G, Kinzie J L, Ammon H V
Gut. 1981 Nov;22(11):953-7. doi: 10.1136/gut.22.11.953.
Intestinal adaptation after extensive small bowel resection results in mucosal hypertrophy and an increased capacity of the remaining small intestine to absorb solutes and water. We tested the ability of the adapted rat ileum to respond to a secretory stimulus, cholera toxin. Six weeks after 50% jejunal resection (short gut) or sham operation water and solute transport were measured in a 16 cm segment of ileum before and after exposure to cholera toxin in a single pass in vivo perfusion system. During the control periods absorption of glucose, acetate and water per unit length of intestine was significantly greater in short gut animals (P less than 0.05 to 0.001). After exposure to cholera toxin absorption of glucose and acetate was significantly reduced in both groups (P less than 0.05 to 0.01). Sodium and chloride secretion and net change in water movement in response to cholera toxin were significantly greater (P less than 0.05 to 0.01) in short gut animals. Generally the differences between short gut and sham operation animals disappeared when the data were normalised for mucosal weight. Chloride secretion per gram mucosa was less in short gut animals (P less than 0.001). The data indicate that the adapted small bowel is not only capable of enhanced absorption but also of enhanced net secretion in response to cholera toxin. The changes reflect the increased number of enterocytes per unit length of intestine after intestinal adaptation.
广泛小肠切除术后的肠道适应性改变会导致黏膜肥大，剩余小肠吸收溶质和水分的能力增强。我们测试了适应性改变的大鼠回肠对分泌性刺激物霍乱毒素的反应能力。在50%空肠切除（短肠）或假手术六周后，在体内单通道灌注系统中，于暴露于霍乱毒素前后，对16厘米长的回肠段进行水和溶质转运的测量。在对照期，短肠动物每单位肠长度对葡萄糖、乙酸盐和水的吸收显著更高（P小于0.05至0.001）。暴露于霍乱毒素后，两组中葡萄糖和乙酸盐的吸收均显著降低（P小于0.05至0.01）。短肠动物对霍乱毒素的钠和氯分泌以及水运动的净变化显著更大（P小于0.05至0.01）。通常，当数据按黏膜重量进行标准化时，短肠动物与假手术动物之间的差异消失。每克黏膜的氯分泌在短肠动物中较少（P小于0.001）。数据表明，适应性改变的小肠不仅能够增强吸收，而且对霍乱毒素的净分泌也会增强。这些变化反映了肠道适应性改变后每单位肠长度肠上皮细胞数量的增加。
