Löwkvist B, Heby O, Emanuelsson H
J Embryol Exp Morphol. 1980 Dec;60:83-92.
The polyamines putrescine, spermidine and spermine were analyzed in chick embryos during the first 2 days of development. A rapid increase in the activity of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), the initial and rate-limiting enzyme in polyamine synthesis, was observed immediately after onset of incubation. Peak activities were found at 15 and 23 h of incubation. The first peak coincides with gastrulation and the second peak with early neurulation in the embryo. All three polyamines varied in a similar manner as did ODC, with putrescine and spermidine at about the same level and spermine at a lower level. The ODC activity was blocked by alpha-difluoromethylornithine, an enzyme-activated irreversible inhibitor. The inhibitor was administered to embryos in ovo at 5 h of incubation, i.e. prior to the first major increase in ODC activity. This block prevented the accumulation of the polyamines and inhibited development as gastrulation, suggesting a decisive role for polyamines in this developmental event.
在鸡胚发育的头两天对多胺腐胺、亚精胺和精胺进行了分析。在孵化开始后，立即观察到鸟氨酸脱羧酶（ODC）（多胺合成中的起始和限速酶）的活性迅速增加。在孵化15小时和23小时时发现了峰值活性。第一个峰值与胚胎的原肠胚形成同时出现，第二个峰值与胚胎早期神经胚形成同时出现。所有三种多胺的变化方式与ODC相似，腐胺和亚精胺处于大致相同的水平，精胺处于较低水平。ODC活性被α-二氟甲基鸟氨酸（一种酶激活的不可逆抑制剂）阻断。在孵化5小时时（即ODC活性首次大幅增加之前），将该抑制剂注入鸡胚卵内。这种阻断阻止了多胺的积累，并抑制了原肠胚形成等发育过程，表明多胺在这一发育事件中起决定性作用。
