Hojnacki J L, Mulligan J J, Cluette J E, Kew R R, Stack D J, Huber G L
Artery. 1981;9(4):285-304.
The effect of acute inhalation of cigarette smoke and consumption of dietary cholesterol on plasma lipoprotein composition in atherosclerosis-susceptible White Carneau pigeons was examined. Pigeons were assigned to four treatment groups: 1) Controls fed a chow diet ad libitum and retained in their cages throughout the study; 2) Sham pigeons fed a cholesterol-saturated fat diet and exposed to fresh air by the Lorillard smoking machine; 3) Low nicotine-low carbon monoxide (LoLo) animals also fed the cholesterol diet and exposed to low concentrations of these cigarette smoke products; and 4) High nicotine-high carbon monoxide (HiHi) birds fed the cholesterol diet and subjected to high concentrations of these inhalants. Plasma very low density (VLDL), low density (LDL), and high density (HDL) lipoproteins were isolated by density gradient ultracentrifugation. Smoke-related differences appeared in HiHi HDL which contained relatively more free and esterified cholesterol and total lipid, but relatively and absolutely less total protein than HDL from Sham-smoked pigeons. Similarly, VLDL from birds exposed to cigarette smoke (LoLo and HiHi) contained relatively more total lipid, but less total protein than VLDL from Sham pigeons. Inhalation of tobacco smoke also produced a marked depression in the HDL2/HDL3 ratio resulting from an increased proportion of the HDL3 subfraction relative to HDL2. Pigeons (Sham, LoLo, HiHi) fed the cholesterol-saturated fat diet circulated HDL with greater free and esterified cholesterol mass than Controls. VLDL particles from these three treatment groups were relatively enriched with cholesterol and cholesteryl ester at the expense of triglyceride. Diet also altered the type of cholesteryl ester present in HDL with cholesteryl linoleate representing the predominant form in Control pigeons and cholesteryl oleate in cholesterol-fed birds. These results demonstrate that cigarette smoking can mediate alterations in lipoprotein composition independent of changes induced by dietary cholesterol and saturated fat.
研究了急性吸入香烟烟雾和摄入膳食胆固醇对易患动脉粥样硬化的白卡诺鸽血浆脂蛋白组成的影响。鸽子被分为四个处理组：1）自由采食普通饲料并在整个研究过程中关在笼中的对照组；2）饲喂胆固醇饱和脂肪饮食并通过罗瑞拉德吸烟机暴露于新鲜空气中的假手术鸽；3）同样饲喂胆固醇饮食并暴露于低浓度这些香烟烟雾产物的低尼古丁-低一氧化碳（LoLo）动物；4）饲喂胆固醇饮食并暴露于高浓度这些吸入剂的高尼古丁-高一氧化碳（HiHi）鸟类。通过密度梯度超速离心法分离血浆极低密度脂蛋白（VLDL）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）和高密度脂蛋白（HDL）。HiHi组的HDL出现了与烟雾相关的差异，其所含游离胆固醇和酯化胆固醇以及总脂质相对较多，但与假手术吸烟鸽的HDL相比，总蛋白相对和绝对含量较少。同样，暴露于香烟烟雾的鸟类（LoLo和HiHi）的VLDL所含总脂质相对较多，但总蛋白比假手术鸽的VLDL少。吸入烟草烟雾还导致HDL2/HDL3比值显著降低，这是由于HDL3亚组分相对于HDL2的比例增加所致。饲喂胆固醇饱和脂肪饮食的鸽子（假手术组、LoLo组、HiHi组）循环中的HDL所含游离胆固醇和酯化胆固醇质量比对照组更大。这三个处理组的VLDL颗粒以甘油三酯为代价相对富含胆固醇和胆固醇酯。饮食也改变了HDL中胆固醇酯的类型，亚油酸胆固醇酯是对照鸽HDL中的主要形式，而胆固醇油酸酯是饲喂胆固醇鸟类HDL中的主要形式。这些结果表明，吸烟可介导脂蛋白组成的改变，而与膳食胆固醇和饱和脂肪引起的变化无关。
