Reifel C W, Travill A A
J Morphol. 1978 Nov;158(2):155-67. doi: 10.1002/jmor.1051580203.
The histology and carbohydrate histochemistry of eight teleostean stomachs are compared. Three gross anatomical types of stomachs are described and their shapes appear to correlate somewhat with feeding habits. Each type can be divided histologically into a corpus and pylorus. Gastric glands, containing only one cell type, occur in the copora of all species, but are present in the pylori of esocids only. As a single cell can produce both enzymes and hydrochloric acid such cells may be comparable to those of amphibians but not mammals. Lamina propria and submucosa are indistinctly separated in corpora but better defined in pylori by an intervening muscularis mucosa. The arrangement of the muscularis into inner circular and outer longitudinal layers is the opposite of that seen in the esophagus. Gastric mucous cells show species variations in localization of epithelial mucosubstances, which in broad terms are recognized as sulfomucins, sialomucins and neutral mucosubstances. A piscivorous diet does not appear to demand any particular type of carbohydrate. Within the Centrarchidae, gastric pit cells vary in carbohydrate content from only neutral mucosubstance to only weakly acidic sulfomucin; two species contain both types. A positive PAS reaction on the surface of gastric epithelial cells is suggestive of a striated border and thus possibly absorptive function. The absence of stomachs in some teleosts and the evolutionary and dietary significances are discussed.
对八种硬骨鱼的胃进行了组织学和碳水化合物组织化学比较。描述了三种大体解剖类型的胃，它们的形状似乎与摄食习性有一定关联。每种类型在组织学上都可分为胃体和幽门。所有物种的胃体中都有仅含一种细胞类型的胃腺，但仅在狗鱼科的幽门中有胃腺。由于单个细胞既能产生酶又能产生盐酸，因此这种细胞可能与两栖动物的细胞类似，但与哺乳动物的不同。胃体中的固有层和黏膜下层分界不明显，但在幽门中，中间的黏膜肌层使其分界更清晰。肌层分为内环行和外纵行两层，其排列与食管中的相反。胃黏液细胞在上皮黏液物质的定位上表现出物种差异，广义上这些物质被认为是硫黏液素、涎黏液素和中性黏液物质。以鱼为食的饮食似乎不需要任何特定类型的碳水化合物。在太阳鱼科中，胃小凹细胞的碳水化合物含量从仅含中性黏液物质到仅含弱酸性硫黏液素不等；有两个物种同时含有这两种类型。胃上皮细胞表面的过碘酸希夫反应阳性提示有纹状缘，因此可能具有吸收功能。讨论了一些硬骨鱼没有胃的情况以及其进化和饮食意义。
