McDonald A, Paitich D
Can J Psychiatry. 1981 Dec;26(8):549-54. doi: 10.1177/070674378102600806.
This study is a retrospective comparison of the psychological test findings within four groups, including 61 murderers, 42 assaulters, 71 perpetrators of theft, and 24 unemployed non-criminal controls. Psychological test findings did not discriminate very well among these groups. Some purported hostility scales, such as the Elizur Hostility Scale, the DeVos Hostility Scale, and Megargee's Overcontrolled-Hostility Scale, did not discriminate at all. The 16 Personality-Factor Questionnaire was particularly unhelpful, rating all four groups as having above-average emotional stability, One must conclude that individual psychological test factors are of little value in predicting violent behaviour. Further research is being undertaken to separate the murder group into motivational sub-categories.
本研究对四组人群的心理测试结果进行了回顾性比较，这四组人群分别为61名杀人犯、42名袭击者、71名盗窃犯以及24名无业非犯罪对照者。心理测试结果在这些组群之间的区分效果不佳。一些所谓的敌意量表，如伊利祖尔敌意量表、德沃斯敌意量表和梅加吉的过度控制敌意量表，根本没有起到区分作用。16种人格因素问卷尤其无用，将所有四组人群的情绪稳定性都评定为高于平均水平。人们必须得出结论，个体心理测试因素在预测暴力行为方面价值不大。正在进行进一步研究，以便将谋杀组细分为不同动机的子类别。
