Block M A
Compr Ther. 1981 Dec;7(12):52-8.
Improved selection of thyroid nodules for surgery and greater individualization of surgery for well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma are emphasized. Thyroid nodules are common but infrequently are manifestations of carcinoma. Needle biopsy permits better selection of patients with thyroid nodules for surgery by identifying those which are malignant or are likely to become malignant. Experience in performing diagnostic needle biopsies and in cytologic and histologic interpretation is essential. The majority of well-differentiated thyroid carcinomas are well-localized papillary carcinomas controlled by surgery, usually a lobectomy or partial thyroidectomy. Well-differentiated thyroid carcinomas include papillary and follicular types and their subsets. The extent of surgery should be individualized based on gross extent of disease, histologic variety, and age of the patient. The prognosis is reduced for patients more than 40 years of age. With appropriate early surgical treatment, the outlook is excellent. Metastatic disease can frequently also be controlled by large doses of thyroid hormone and the use of radioactive iodine.
强调了改善甲状腺结节手术的选择以及提高分化型甲状腺癌手术的个体化程度。甲状腺结节很常见，但很少是癌症的表现。针吸活检通过识别那些恶性或可能恶变的结节，有助于更好地选择甲状腺结节患者进行手术。进行诊断性针吸活检以及细胞和组织学解读的经验至关重要。大多数分化型甲状腺癌是通过手术（通常是叶切除术或部分甲状腺切除术）可控制的局限性乳头状癌。分化型甲状腺癌包括乳头状和滤泡状类型及其亚型。手术范围应根据疾病的大体范围、组织学类型和患者年龄进行个体化。40岁以上患者的预后较差。通过适当的早期手术治疗，前景良好。转移性疾病通常也可以通过大剂量甲状腺激素和放射性碘的使用来控制。
