Hirata S, Kanemitsu H, Inagaki T, Ishikawa K
J Cardiogr. 1981 Sep;11(3):741-6.
Echocardiography has been widely used for a detection of mitral and tricuspid valve prolapse. However, no extensive study has been made for a recognition of aortic valve prolapse. In this study, an echocardiographic search for aortic valve prolapse was attempted on 1700 consecutive cases at our laboratory including 70 cases with aortic regurgitation and 30 with mitral valve prolapse. Criteria of aortic valve prolapse by cross-sectional echocardiography were as follows: (1) eccentric coaptation point of aortic valve cusps, (2) asymmetric enlargement of the aortic valve cusp, and (3) downward displacement of the cusps. Using the above-mentioned criteria, five cases were recognized as having aortic valve prolapse, and it was divided into the following three morphological patterns: (1) prolapse of the right coronary cusp (1 case), (2) prolapse of the left coronary cusp (1) case, and (3) prolapse of the noncoronary cusp (3 cases). All 5 cases showed apparent aortic regurgitation, while none of these cases had any evidence of mitral valve prolapse. From the present observations, it might be suggestive that aortic valve prolapse is one of the common causes of aortic regurgitation. Elucidation of a spectrum of aortic valve prolapse should wait for a further extensive study.
超声心动图已被广泛用于检测二尖瓣和三尖瓣脱垂。然而，尚未对主动脉瓣脱垂的识别进行广泛研究。在本研究中，我们实验室对连续1700例患者进行了超声心动图检查以寻找主动脉瓣脱垂，其中包括70例主动脉瓣反流患者和30例二尖瓣脱垂患者。经胸超声心动图诊断主动脉瓣脱垂的标准如下：（1）主动脉瓣叶偏心性对合点；（2）主动脉瓣叶不对称性增大；（3）瓣叶向下移位。根据上述标准，5例被诊断为主动脉瓣脱垂，并分为以下三种形态学类型：（1）右冠状动脉瓣叶脱垂（1例）；（2）左冠状动脉瓣叶脱垂（1例）；（3）无冠状动脉瓣叶脱垂（3例）。所有5例均表现出明显的主动脉瓣反流，而这些病例均无二尖瓣脱垂的证据。根据目前的观察结果，提示主动脉瓣脱垂可能是主动脉瓣反流的常见原因之一。对主动脉瓣脱垂谱系的阐明尚需进一步广泛研究。
