Rang M, Douglas G, Bennet G C, Koreska J
J Pediatr Orthop. 1981;1(3):279-87. doi: 10.1097/01241398-198111000-00007.
Special seating enables children with even the most severe forms of cerebral palsy to sit comfortably. A straight spine and mobile hips are desirable. Prevention of hip dislocation by operation, or release of a hip extension contracture, is required for 40% of the younger children. Surgical correction of scoliosis is required for 20% of the older ones. Seating problems may be classified by (a) ability--hands free, hand dependent or propped--(b) the pattern of deformity--symmetrically slouched or windswept--and (c) severity of deformity--none, amenable to surgery, or beyond surgery. Each of these categories requires a different therapeutic approach.
特殊座椅能让即使患有最严重脑瘫形式的儿童也能舒适地就坐。理想的状态是脊柱挺直且髋关节活动自如。40%的年幼儿童需要通过手术预防髋关节脱位，或松解髋关节伸展挛缩。20%的年长儿童需要进行脊柱侧凸的手术矫正。座椅问题可按以下方式分类：(a) 能力——无需用手、依赖手部支撑或需借助支撑物——(b) 畸形模式——对称弯腰或像被风吹过那样——以及 (c) 畸形严重程度——无畸形、适合手术矫正或无法通过手术矫正。这些类别中的每一类都需要不同的治疗方法。
