Helveston E M, Giangiacomo J G, Ellis F D
Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 1981;79:123-35.
Congenital absence of the superior oblique tendon occurred in 18% of patients with a diagnosis of congenital superior oblique palsy who were treated with an attempt at a tuck of the superior oblique tendon. The presence of horizontal strabismus and amblyopia in a patient with diagnosis of congenital superior oblique palsy should raise the possibility of absence of this tendon. Absence of the superior oblique tendon can be treated successfully with weakening of the antagonist inferior oblique, and either recession of the yoke inferior rectus or the ipsilateral superior rectus. The horizontal deviation can be treated with appropriate recession and resection of the horizontal recti.
在诊断为先天性上斜肌麻痹且尝试行上斜肌腱折叠术治疗的患者中，18%出现先天性上斜肌腱缺如。诊断为先天性上斜肌麻痹的患者若存在水平斜视和弱视，应提高该肌腱缺如的可能性。上斜肌腱缺如可通过拮抗肌下斜肌减弱术以及配偶肌下直肌或同侧上直肌后徙术成功治疗。水平斜视可通过水平直肌适当的后徙和缩短术进行治疗。
