Parkinson S R, Lindholm J M, Urell T
J Gerontol. 1980 Jan;35(1):87-95. doi: 10.1093/geronj/35.1.87.
Comparisons were made between groups of old and young subjects in a dichotic task. In the first experiment old and young subjects had digit spans representative of their respective populations, and in accord with previous dichotic research younger subjects recalled with greater accuracy. The main effect of group and the Group x Test (ear reported first vs ear reported second) interaction were reliable with both serial and free recall scoring. In the second experiment young subjects were matched to old subjects on the basis of digit span. Matching eliminated the group and Group x Test interaction with seriall recall and the group effect with free recall, suggesting that digit span and dichotic memory are mediated by common mechanisms. Error trends and the Group x Test interactions with free recall revealed that some age related differences persisted even after matching. These differences are discussed in terms of regression artifact and processing capacity.
在一项双耳分听任务中，对老年组和青年组受试者进行了比较。在第一个实验中，老年组和青年组受试者的数字广度代表了各自的群体特征，并且与之前的双耳分听研究一致，青年受试者的回忆准确性更高。无论是采用系列回忆评分还是自由回忆评分，组间主效应以及组×测试（先报告的耳与后报告的耳）交互作用都是可靠的。在第二个实验中，根据数字广度将青年受试者与老年受试者进行匹配。匹配消除了系列回忆中的组间及组×测试交互作用以及自由回忆中的组间效应，这表明数字广度和双耳分听记忆是由共同机制介导的。错误趋势以及自由回忆中的组×测试交互作用表明，即使在匹配之后，一些与年龄相关的差异仍然存在。从回归假象和处理能力的角度对这些差异进行了讨论。
