Schwartz D J, Wynne J W, Gibbs C P, Hood C I, Kuck E J
Am Rev Respir Dis. 1980 Jan;121(1):119-26. doi: 10.1164/arrd.1980.121.1.119.
Physiologic and pathologic responses of dogs were studied to assess the effect on the lungs of aspiration of gastric contents at a pH value greater than 2.5. Experimental solutions were administered into the lungs at a dose of 2 ml/kg. Animals were divided into 5 groups: group 1 (n = 13) received saline at a pH of 5.9; group 2 (n = 8) received hydrochloric acid (HCl) at a pH of 1.8; group 3 (n = 6) received gastric contents containing small food particles at a pH of 5.9; group 4 (n = 6) received gastric contents containing food particles at a pH of 1.8; group 5 (n = 6) received gastric contents at a pH of 5.9 from which food particles had been filtered. Arterial blood gas tension, fractional intrapulmonary shunt, and blood pressure were measured at intervals for 48 h. Animals that received gastric contents at a pH of 5.9 and severe hypoxia and increased intrapulmonary shunting that were significantly greater than those of animals receiving saline and were as severe as those of animals receiving HCl at a pH of 1.8. If food particles were in the aspirate, hypercapnia and acidosis were noted. There was pneumonitis in lung sections taken from animals in groups 2, 3, and 4, but not groups 1 and 5. These findings contradict the common belief that aspiration of gastric contents at a pH greater than 2.5 is benign.
研究了犬的生理和病理反应，以评估pH值大于2.5时胃内容物吸入对肺部的影响。以2 ml/kg的剂量将实验溶液注入肺部。动物分为5组：第1组（n = 13）接受pH值为5.9的生理盐水；第2组（n = 8）接受pH值为1.8的盐酸（HCl）；第3组（n = 6）接受pH值为5.9且含有小食物颗粒的胃内容物；第4组（n = 6）接受pH值为1.8且含有食物颗粒的胃内容物；第5组（n = 6）接受pH值为5.9且已过滤食物颗粒的胃内容物。在48小时内定期测量动脉血气张力、肺内分流分数和血压。接受pH值为5.9的胃内容物的动物出现严重缺氧和肺内分流增加，显著大于接受生理盐水的动物，且与接受pH值为1.8的HCl的动物一样严重。如果吸出物中有食物颗粒，则会出现高碳酸血症和酸中毒。从第2、3和4组动物的肺切片中发现有肺炎，但第1和5组没有。这些发现与普遍认为pH值大于2.5时胃内容物吸入是良性的观点相矛盾。
