Marre R, Tarara N, Louton T, Sack K
Eur J Pediatr. 1980;133(1):25-9. doi: 10.1007/BF00444750.
The pharmacokinetics and nephrotoxicity of gentamicin were studied in female Wistar rats of different ages. I.m. administration of 5 mg of gentamicin/kg revealed that young rats (90 g) had lower peak serum levels and a prolonged elimination half-life, when compared with adult animals. After repeated injections, renal gentamicin concentrations were continuously lower in young rats during the entire experiment until the 20th day after the last dose. Nephrotoxicity, as measured by urinary excretion rates of tubular cells and malic dehydrogenase, was most pronounced in the old rats (260 g) and distinctly less in the 210 g animals. The young rats reacted with a slight but not significant increase in cellular and enzyme excretion. Since one cause of nephrotoxicity can be assumed to be intrarenal accumulation of gentamicin, it may be concluded that a deficient ability to concentrate aminoglycosides in the kidneys resulted in decreased nephrotoxic potential of gentamicin in the young rats.
研究了庆大霉素在不同年龄雌性Wistar大鼠体内的药代动力学和肾毒性。肌肉注射5mg庆大霉素/kg后发现，与成年动物相比，幼鼠（90g）的血清峰值水平较低，消除半衰期延长。重复注射后，在整个实验过程中，幼鼠肾脏中的庆大霉素浓度持续低于成年鼠，直至最后一剂后的第20天。通过肾小管细胞和苹果酸脱氢酶的尿排泄率来衡量，肾毒性在老年大鼠（260g）中最为明显，在210g的动物中明显较低。幼鼠的细胞和酶排泄略有增加，但不显著。由于肾毒性的一个原因可认为是庆大霉素在肾脏内的蓄积，因此可以得出结论，幼鼠肾脏中浓缩氨基糖苷类药物的能力不足导致庆大霉素的肾毒性潜力降低。
