Glaser R M, Sawka M N, Young R E, Suryaprasad A G
J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1980 Jan;48(1):41-4. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1980.48.1.41.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate potential wheelchair design changes that may reduce operational energy cost and cardiopulmonary responses. Design changes, which were simulated with a wheelchair ergometer, allowed two techniques of hand-rim propulsion: the usual synchronous application of force (sync), and an asynchronous technique where force was applied one hand at a time in a reciprocal fashion (async). Three hand-rim drive ratios were also simulated: low, normal, and high. Combinations of these force application-drive ratio simulations were evaluated at power output (PO) levels of 30 and 60 kpm.min-1. The async-high combination was found to elicit significantly lower (P less than 0.01) gross caloric output, pulmonary ventilation, and heart rate values, and provide the greatest advantage over conventional sync-normal operation at both PO levels. It appeared that async propulsion and high drive ratio resulted in less wasted movements. Although the async-high combination was superior under these test conditions, other combinations may be necessary to better match various locomotive tasks to individuals of different capabilities.
本研究的目的是评估可能降低操作能量消耗和心肺反应的轮椅设计变更。通过轮椅测力计模拟设计变更，允许两种手轮圈推进技术：通常的同步用力（sync），以及一种异步技术，即每次用一只手以交替方式用力（async）。还模拟了三种手轮圈驱动比：低、正常和高。在功率输出（PO）水平为30和60 kpm.min-1时，对这些力应用-驱动比模拟的组合进行了评估。发现异步-高组合在两个PO水平下均能显著降低（P小于0.01）总热量输出、肺通气量和心率值，并且与传统的同步-正常操作相比具有最大优势。似乎异步推进和高驱动比导致的动作浪费更少。尽管在这些测试条件下异步-高组合更具优势，但可能需要其他组合来更好地将各种移动任务与不同能力的个体相匹配。
