White J R, Froeb H F
N Engl J Med. 1980 Mar 27;302(13):720-3. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198003273021304.
We evaluated the effect of long-term passive smoking (involuntary inhalation of tobacco smoke by nonsmokers) and long-term voluntary smoking on specific indexes of pulmonary function in 2100 middle-aged subjects. Regardless of sex, nonsmokers chronically exposed to tobacco smoke had a lower forced mid-expiratory flow rate (FEF 25 to 75 per cent) and forced end-expiratory flow rate (FEF 75 to 85 per cent) than nonsmokers not exposed (P less than 0.005). In addition, values in passive smokers were not significantly different from those in light smokers and smokers who did not inhale (P less than 0.005). When we looked at the extent to which smoke exposure is related to graded abnormality, we found that nonsmokers in smoke-free working environments have the highest scores on the spirometric tests; passive smokers, smokers who do not inhale, and light smokers score similarly and significantly lower; and heavy smokers score the lowest (P less than 0.005). We conclude that chronic exposure to tobacco smoke in the work environment is deleterious to the nonsmoker and significantly reduces small-airways function.
我们评估了长期被动吸烟（非吸烟者被动吸入烟草烟雾）和长期主动吸烟对2100名中年受试者肺功能特定指标的影响。无论性别如何，长期接触烟草烟雾的非吸烟者，其用力呼气中期流速（25%至75%肺活量时）和用力呼气末流速（75%至85%肺活量时）均低于未接触者（P<0.005）。此外，被动吸烟者的值与轻度吸烟者和不吸入的吸烟者的值无显著差异（P<0.005）。当我们观察烟雾暴露与分级异常的相关程度时，我们发现，在无烟工作环境中的非吸烟者在肺量计测试中得分最高；被动吸烟者、不吸入的吸烟者和轻度吸烟者得分相似且显著较低；重度吸烟者得分最低（P<0.005）。我们得出结论，工作环境中长期接触烟草烟雾对非吸烟者有害，并显著降低小气道功能。
